In the current situation where pigs are consistently well priced. believe that many farmers became interested in expanding the farm to meet the market demand and price conditions that are attractive to invest Therefore, I would like to bring up the issue of expanding the farm to share. Because what farmers should take into account as the first factor, that is, choosing a farming location or preparing a place to raise
it. because if it is not well prepared It will cause environmental impacts and cause conflicts with communities surrounding the farm. especially if the pig farm itself lacks a good waste management plan. may cause water problems There was a bad smell and flies infested nearby communities. This may cause the quality of water sources to deteriorate until they cannot be fully utilized. And in the end it brought about problems with complaints. prosecution until it became a lawsuit as it was in the news repeatedly
The end result is farm widening. Instead of increasing business opportunities It turned out to be causing problems and disturbing the farmers themselves because of the lack of good planning.
In this chapter, I would like to offer a preliminary suggestion. For agriculture who wishes to build a new greenhouse to be used as a guideline for farmers be used as an idea for consideration of setting up a pig farm as follows:
Determining the right farm location
1.1 Should not be located in an area that will affect the ecosystem, such as a watershed area. Conservation forest area or protected area or an area with an average slope of more than 35 percent, etc.
1.2 Being in the area suitable for animal husbandry of the Department of Livestock Development
1.3 Not inconsistent with the requirements of the town plan which the Department of Public Works and town planning has announced the city planning in the report for the study of the database. and analyzed for provincial particle planning
1.4 Farm away from the community Public water sources, slaughterhouses and animal markets, more than 5 kilometers long.
Farmers must apply for a license to operate a pig farming business.
According to the local government has determined the type of business that is harmful to health under Section 31 (1) under the Public Health Act B.E. 2535 with local officials in the area Including there should be a community to set up a farm (if local) to reduce conflicts There were representatives from various sectors, including representatives of government agencies, provincial areas, local government agencies, public health, livestock, natural resources and the environment. urban environment and people within a radius of 1 kilometer to set up a farm also participated.
Farmers should determine the proportion of pig farming area appropriately.
meets the recommendations criteria for the proportions of different areas of farm elements To prevent environmental problems and nuisances that may arise from the pig farming business The composition of the pig farm consists of
3.1 pig house area Considering the proportion of the area used in the construction of the pig house compared to the number of pigs raised in each type of the whole farm.
3.2 The buffer area is determined by the proportion of the area according to the size of the pig farm compared to the total area of the pig house.
3.3 The area between the pig houses is determined by the proportion of the area according to the type of house being raised and the size of the pig farm compared to the total area of the pig house.
3.4 Farmers must provide a wastewater treatment system (under section 69 of the Enhancement and Conservation of Environmental Quality Act, B.E. 2535) by designing and determining the size. or areas of various types of wastewater treatment systems It is determined by many factors such as the type and number of pigs raised. Difficulty in installing the system system maintenance size of area Including the budget required for the construction of each type of wastewater treatment system.
Measures should be established For reducing the impact on society and the environment from raising pigs, including
4.1 Reducing and preventing the spread of odors by having to control the smell from the farm animals the whole house Drying yard and storage shed wastewater treatment system as well as the area where pig manure is used And technology should be used to reduce odors and treat odors, such as a curtain system that spreads water behind a fan at the rear of the house. Dust trap system, green bumper line, etc.
4.2 There must be clear and concrete measures to manage wastewater.
1. Construction of a standard wastewater treatment system The form must have a certificate of a professional engineering practitioner. or other persons as required by law or use a standardized system Which has been proven and certified by the relevant agencies that it can treat wastewater according to the specified standards.
2. Wastewater treatment system Must be able to handle all wastewater generated from pig rearing and must not be drained outside the farm. or released into public water sources In the event of drainage outside the farm Wastewater treatment must be carried out in accordance with the standards for sewage discharge from the swine farm.
3. If wastewater is used for other uses Wastewater quality must not exceed the specified criteria. and there must be evidence showing the location of the wastewater use area. including the nature and quantity used This is to ensure that the wastewater used is not discharged to the environment and cause consequences. However, in the case of those who use the waste water for use who is not the owner of the farm There must be evidence informing the intention of the wastewater leader to use it as well.
4.3 There must be a management method to control insects and various disease vectors. throughout the farm to prevent nuisances and also to help control the spread of germs
4.4 There should be proper waste sorting and disposal. Correct according to each type of waste such as general waste, wet waste, recyclable waste, hazardous waste, etc., including proper management of pig carcasses.
The above factors are just a few of the details that have been compiled. Because each topic will have details and preliminary criteria specified if farmers apply such recommendations to be applied in consideration before setting up a farm. It can help reduce the impact and mitigate potential problems. and reduce complaints about odor and wastewater to a certain extent Other details will be presented in the next opportunity or if any farmers are interested I would like advice and guidance on how to start planning a farm in detail via the Vetproducts Group. I’m happy to give advice
เอกสารอ้างอิง
1) ประกาศกระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์เรื่อง การกำหนดเขตเหมาะสมสำหรับการเลี้ยงสัตว์ ลงวันที่ 7 มีนาคม 2556
2) คำแนะนำของคณะกรรมการสาธารณสุข ฉบับที่ 3/2549 เรื่องการควบคุมกิจการเลี้ยงสุกร
3) ประกาศกระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ์เรื่อง มาตรฐานฟาร์มเลี้ยงสุกรของประเทศไทย พ.ศ.2542 ลงวันที่ 3 พฤศจิกายน 2542
4) พระราชบัญญัติการสาธารณสุข พ.ศ.2535
5) ระเบียบกรมปศุสัตว์ว่าด้วยการคุ้มครองและดูแลสวัสดิภาพสุกร ณ สถานที่เลี้ยง พ.ศ.2544
6) (ร่าง) คู่มือหลักเกณฑ์การอนุญาตและต่ออายุใบอนุญาตประกอบกิจการที่เป็นอันตรายต่อสุขภาพ ประเภทฟาร์มสุกร, กรมปศุสัตว์.2554
7) คู่มือแนวทางการจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมฟาร์มสุกร, กรมควบคุมมลพิษ.2552
8) พระราชบัญญัติส่งเสริมและรักษาคุณภาพสิ่งแวดล้อม พ.ศ.2535
ที่มาข้อมูล : สมาคมผู้เลี้ยงสุกรแห่งชาติ
