Impacts of Climate Change on Poultry Production

Impacts of Climate Change on Poultry Production

inclement weather It has been hot and dry since March. until April Temperatures across Thailand have dropped. Sudden cold weather and heavy rain in some areas. from the influence of high pressure or cold air mass is quite strong from China spreading down to cover the upper Thailand

such variability in weather conditions It directly affects domestic animals such as pigs, broilers and laying hens that cannot adapt to the rapidly changing climate. thus affecting productivity and damage rates in animal farms.

“Chicken eggs” hit the heat. Reduced productivity. Small eggs. Heavy damage.

Chickens are animals that do not have sweat glands to help with their heat. and also have hair covering more obstacles to heat heat away from the body When the temperature is 26-32 degrees Celsius, the hens will eat less food. drink more water to help reduce body heat The hen has accumulated stress. Eating less food makes the nutrients insufficient for the formation of eggs. Therefore, egg production decreased. 

The size of the egg is smaller.

If the weather is very hot, the hens will begin to show symptoms of panting. Open your mouth to breathe harder. for cooling causing the chicken to lose energy with panting It also wastes the CO2 needed in the egg production process. As a result, the quality of the eggshell is deteriorating, the color is pale, the shell is thinner, it is easier to crack and be damaged. reduced productivity lower egg quality more damaged eggs including hens damaged in the case of broken eggs in the stomach causing farmers to have higher costs because there are fewer divisors and small eggs, so farmers can sell eggs only medium and small assorted eggs. The selling price will be lower. Therefore, income has decreased accordingly.

The increased heat also affects the water intake rate of the hens.

The temperature in the house is 18-25 ° C. The ratio of water consumption to feed of the hens is 1.8-2.0 times that of feed. if the weather warms up The proportion of water intake may increase to not less than 2.6 times the amount of food eaten. That means more water is required for raising chickens.

Hot weather, “broilers” stress, eat less food, slow growth, high cost

Broilers raised in open houses often encounter problems. eating less food due to the resulting stress resulting in slow growth of chicken take longer to feed Increased morbidity and mortality rates Farmers must focus on raising the amount not to be too dense. Managed to reduce heat to the house, such as spraying water on the roof. coupled with the ventilation fan for a longer time In the case of extreme heat, we have to decide to raise chickens thinner than usual.

In the case of raising chickens in the EVAP house that can reduce the temperature in the house better But it is necessary to adjust the internal climate accordingly. Both turning on the water supplying the cooling system and turning on the ventilation fans all the time. And be careful of humidity and ammonia gas in the house. and most importantly, water. That must be adequately prepared at all times. 

Water must be clean. Farmers have to invest in adjusting water quality accordingly. and increase the cost of electrolyte vitamin supplementation or potassium chloride with a slightly salty flavor to help stimulate water intake Helps to cool the body better.

“Pig” is hot. Mother holds her stomach damaged. Pig grows slowly.

Pigs are animals that do not have sweat glands. Therefore, the heat is released from the body by gasping for breath. If this symptom occurs in a pregnant pig mother may cause miscarriage or the child dies in the womb More mummies low birth rate fewer newborns Mother’s stress from the weather results in lower parenting. May cause dry milk liquid stool The surviving piglets are weak. low weaning weight when raised as nursery pigs or fattening pigs The growth rate (ADG) is low. Hot weather makes pigs sick. therefore eating less As a result, the meat exchange rate (FCR) is worse and the damage rate is often higher as well.

hot weather As a result, the weight of pigs entering the market decreased by 3-5 kilograms each. The lost weight affected the income of farmers. and has a direct effect on the amount of pork sold in the market which is the reason why pig prices gradually rose sequentially. according to the quantity of products that enter the market less When combined with the higher consumption demand during the Songkran festival as well. Therefore, there is a possibility that the pig price will tend to increase according to the market mechanism.

All of these are the effects of hot and dry weather. That affects the cost of raising up. Not counting other costs Both feed ingredients are increasing every day. which farmers have to bear now and the cost of water that needs to be purchased more during the drought crisis and investments must be made to improve water quality as well. 

Including electricity cost for cooling with EVAP system, oil cost for running the fan motor at the back of the house Increased electricity consumption to turn on the fan in the coop for ventilation.

Source: Office of Policy Development and Public Relations Plan